为原生移动应用测试编写断言
概述
任何自动化测试的目标都是编写断言并确保逻辑正常工作。在 Nightwatch 中，断言可以有两种方式
- app.assert.command(params)
- 期望
断言
所有断言都组织在 .assert 命名空间下。
文本相关
文本包含
app.assert.textContains(selector,'text') 可用于断言元素的文本是否包含特定文本。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` contains text Browser
app.assert.textContains({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'Browser');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` contains text Browser
app.assert.textContains({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'Browser');
文本等于
app.assert.textEquals(selector,'text') 可用于检查元素的文本是否完全等于特定文本。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` equals text BrowserStack
app.assert.textEquals({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'BrowserStack');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` equals text BrowserStack
app.assert.textEquals({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'BrowserStack');
文本匹配
app.assert.textMatches(selector,'regex') 可用于检查元素的文本是否与给定的正则表达式匹配。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` is alphabet only
app.assert.textMatches({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'/^[a-z]+$/i');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` is alphabet only
app.assert.textMatches({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'/^[a-z]+$/i');
属性相关
元素具有属性，如文本、索引、资源 ID 等。这些属性可以使用 Appium 检查器找到，如下所示
可以使用与属性相关的断言对属性执行断言。
属性包含
app.assert.attributeContains(selector,'attribute','text') 可用于断言元素的名为 attribute 的属性是否包含特定文本。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute contains Browser
app.assert.attributeContains({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','Browser');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute contains Browser
app.assert.attributeContains({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','Browser');
属性等于
app.assert.attributeEquals(selector,'attribute','text') 可用于断言元素的名为 attribute 的属性是否等于特定文本。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute equals BrowserStack
app.assert.attributeEquals({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','BrowserStack');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute equals BrowserStack
app.assert.attributeEquals({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','BrowserStack');
属性匹配
app.assert.attributeMatches(selector,'attribute','regex') 可用于断言元素的名为 attribute 的属性是否与给定的正则表达式匹配。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute only contains alphabets
app.assert.attributeMatches({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','/^[a-z]+$/i');
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title` text attribute only contains alphabets
app.assert.attributeMatches({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/pcs-edit-section-title',locateStrategy: 'id'},'text','/^[a-z]+$/i');
选中
使用 app.assert.selected(selector) 方法验证元素是否处于选中状态。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is selected
app.assert.selected({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is selected
app.assert.selected({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
启用
使用 app.assert.enabled(selector) 方法验证元素是否处于启用状态。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is enabled
app.assert.enabled({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is enabled
app.assert.enabled({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
可见
使用 app.assert.visible(selector) 方法验证元素是否可见。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is visible
app.assert.visible({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is visible
app.assert.visible({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
元素计数
要验证具有特定选择器的元素的数量，请使用 app.assert.elementsCount() API
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/list_item` has a count of 7
app.assert.elementsCount({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/list_item',locateStrategy: 'id'},7);
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/list_item` has a count of 7
app.assert.elementsCount({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/list_item',locateStrategy: 'id'},7);
存在
使用 app.assert.elementsPresent(selector) 方法验证元素是否存在于呈现树中。
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is present in the render tree
app.assert.elementsPresent({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
//Assert if the element with id `org.wikipedia:id/button` is present in the render tree
app.assert.elementsPresent({selector: 'org.wikipedia:id/button',locateStrategy: 'id'});
Chai 期望
除了 .assert 命名空间下的断言之外，Nightwatch 还支持 BDD 风格的期望断言。例如
app.appium.getCurrentActivity(function(activity){
expect(activity.value).to.equal('.page.PageActivity')
})
app.appium.getCurrentActivity(function(activity){
expect(activity.value).to.equal('.page.PageActivity')
})
在移动应用程序中使用期望的方式与 Web 相同。请参阅 指南 以了解更多详细信息。